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21st International Conference on Pediatrics and Pediatric Cardiology, will be organized around the theme “Shaping the Future of Pediatric Cardiology through Innovation”

PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2024 is comprised of keynote and speakers sessions on latest cutting edge research designed to offer comprehensive global discussions that address current issues in PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2024

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Pediatrics is the medical discipline dedicated to the comprehensive healthcare of infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatricians are responsible for overseeing the overall mental, physical, and emotional health of their young patients throughout their developmental stages, whether they are in good health or facing illnesses. Their roles extend to preventive measures, early identification, and the management of various issues that impact the well-being of children and teenagers.


Clinical Pediatrics primarily revolves around the latest medical knowledge concerning the healthcare of infants, children, and adolescents, emphasizing the study of pediatric disease diagnosis, treatment, and management. Sensitivity in clinical pediatrics is also one of the most critical and frequently explored areas in cutting-edge research within this field. Additionally, the early detection of ailments in children holds a prominent position in the realm of clinical pediatrics.


Pediatric cardiology is a specialized medical field dedicated to addressing a wide range of heart-related issues in children, including infants and newborns. Within this discipline, medical professionals focus on diagnosing and treating congenital heart diseases, coronary artery ailments, heart failure, valvular heart conditions, and electrophysiology concerns in pediatric patients. Physicians who specialize in this domain of medicine are referred to as Pediatric cardiologists.

A congenital condition, also known as a congenital disorder, birth defect, or anomaly, is a condition that exists at or before birth, regardless of its cause. Birth defects vary widely in their origins and manifestations. Some congenital heart conditions in children are mild and may not require treatment, such as a small gap between heart chambers that naturally closes over time. 

A heart murmur is essentially an extra sound that becomes audible when listening to the heart. The typical heart sounds result from the closure of heart valves. When there is turbulence or disruption in the blood flow through the heart or the major blood vessels near the heart, a murmur may become detectable.

The objective of pediatric studies is to reduce child mortality rates, control the spread of communicable diseases, advocate for healthy lifestyles that lead to long and disease-free lives, and alleviate the challenges faced by children and adolescents. Achieving these goals is primarily accomplished by focusing on the fundamental principles of general pediatrics. General pediatrics encompasses the foundational treatments aimed at improving the health of pediatric patients. A critical aspect lies in addressing nutritional deficiencies, as these significantly impact the overall well-being of infants and children by impeding their growth and development due to shortages in essential vitamins and nutrients.

Ischemic strokes occur when a blood vessel that carries blood to the brain becomes obstructed, often by a blood clot. Hemorrhagic strokes, on the other hand, transpire when a blood vessel ruptures, causing bleeding into the brain. This bleeding damages brain tissue and deprives certain brain cells of the vital supply of blood and oxygen. The absence of a consistent blood supply can lead to the harm or demise of brain cells, which, in turn, can impact both your physical and cognitive functions.

In an unborn infant, the heart is the first organ to form and holds immense significance for the child's lifelong well-being. Fetal Cardiology primarily focuses on identifying cardiovascular diseases in babies as they develop in the womb.

Pediatric oncology is a specialized field in medicine dedicated to diagnosing and treating children, typically up to the age of 18, who are afflicted by cancer. It is widely considered one of the most challenging medical specialties because, despite the successful treatment of many children, various forms of cancer still carry a high mortality rate.

Cardiac tumors in children are infrequent, and benign tumors are more prevalent. Among fetuses and neonates, rhabdomyoma, teratoma, and fibroma are the most commonly observed tumors. Sarcomas, on the other hand, constitute the primary malignant cardiac tumors in both pediatric and adult populations. Patients with cardiac tumors may exhibit no symptoms, or they might present with signs like murmurs, arrhythmias, heart failure, and, in some cases, sudden death. Echocardiography stands as the primary diagnostic tool for evaluating symptomatic patients.

Kawasaki disease is a rare childhood illness that impacts the blood vessels. The symptoms can be severe for a few days and may appear alarming to parents. However, most children eventually return to their regular activities. Kawasaki disease can potentially harm the coronary arteries, responsible for delivering blood to the heart muscle. Fortunately, with proper treatment, most children recover from the illness without experiencing long-term issues.

Atherosclerosis initiates in childhood with the emergence of fatty streaks in the arteries. These fatty streaks are observed to some extent in nearly all individuals across various human populations studied. The extent of fatty streaks along the artery intimal surface doesn't significantly differ among different human populations. Although fatty streaks are clinically and potentially reversible, their progression to more advanced lesions is a crucial phase in the development of atherosclerosis. Notably, this transition occurs at younger ages in populations with elevated morbidity and mortality rates related to coronary heart disease.


Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital anomaly that disrupts the regular blood circulation within the heart. This condition arises when a baby's heart doesn't develop properly during fetal growth inside the mother's womb. Throughout pregnancy, screening tests, also referred to as prenatal tests, are conducted to detect potential birth defects and other medical conditions.

Pericarditis is characterized by inflammation or infection of the pericardium, the thin, membranous sac that encases the heart. Between the inner and outer layers of the pericardium, there exists a small amount of fluid. In children, pericarditis is most likely to occur following surgery to correct congenital (present from birth) heart defects or acquired heart disease.

Rheumatic heart disease refers to the enduring damage to one or more heart valves following the resolution of an acute episode of rheumatic fever. This condition results from one or multiple episodes of acute rheumatic fever, which cause inflammation in the heart. Consequently, the heart valves may retain their stretched or scarred state, disrupting the normal flow of blood through these damaged valves. This can lead to either a backward flow through valves that fail to close properly or blockages due to valves that do not open adequately because of scarring.

Aortic stenosis is a cardiac condition that can either be present from birth or develop in later life. In cases where it is not congenital, the defect arises during the first eight weeks of fetal development. Aortic stenosis is characterized by complications with the aortic valve, making it more challenging for the valve leaflets to open fully, impeding the smooth flow of blood from the ventricle to the arteries.

Pulmonary atresia (PA) is a congenital heart defect resulting from irregular development of the fetal heart within the first eight weeks of pregnancy. This condition is characterized by the abnormal development of the pulmonary valve, which is situated between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery the large vessel leading to the lungs. Typically, the pulmonary valve possesses three leaflets that act as a one-way door, enabling blood to flow in one direction, from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery and onwards to the lungs, while preventing backflow into the right ventricle. However, in cases of pulmonary atresia, issues with the valve prevent the leaflets from opening, thus hindering the forward flow of blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Cardiac nursing is a specialized field in nursing dedicated to caring for individuals afflicted with a range of cardiovascular system conditions. Cardiovascular nurses are responsible for patients with heart ailments and engage with their patients' families. Their roles may encompass monitoring and treating acutely unwell patients, or they might concentrate on cardiac rehabilitation, assisting patients in making lifestyle adjustments to prevent the progression of their condition.

Pediatric nursing encompasses the healthcare of individuals from infancy to adolescence. This field involves the development of comprehensive, practical, and well-coordinated home care strategies for both children and their families. Pediatric nurses assess illnesses and injuries while offering guidance and assistance to patients' families. General Pediatrics encompasses the provision of nursing care to children across various age groups, addressing both acute and chronic medical and surgical conditions. Furthermore, it encompasses preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative care for children.